Volume 24: Issue 1 (Mar 2025): Primary and Secondary Glomerular Diseases

Glassock RJ, Fervenza FC, Hebert L, Cameron JS: Nephrotic syndrome redux. Nephrol Dial Transplant 30: 12–17, 2015 PubMed

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van de Logt A-E, Rijpma SR, Vink CH, Prudon-Rosmulder E, Wetzels JF, van Berkel M, et al.: The bias between different albumin assays may affect clinical decision making. Kidney Int 95: 1514–1517, 2019 PubMed

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van de Logt A-E, Rijpma SR, Vink CH, Prudon-Rosmulder E, Wetzels JF, van Berkel M, : The bias between different albumin assays may affect clinical decision making. Kidney Int 95: 1514–1517, 2019 PubMed)| false
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Trautmann A, Boyer O, Hodson E, Bagga A, Gipson DS, Samuel S, et al.; International Pediatric Nephrology Association: IPNA clinical practice recommendations for the diagnosis and management of children with steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 38: 877–919, 2023 PubMed

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Trautmann A, Boyer O, Hodson E, Bagga A, Gipson DS, Samuel S, ; International Pediatric Nephrology Association: IPNA clinical practice recommendations for the diagnosis and management of children with steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 38: 877–919, 2023 PubMed)| false
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Sethi S, Zand L, Nasr SH, Glassock RJ, Fervenza FC: Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis: Clinical and kidney biopsy correlations. Clin Kidney J 7: 531–537, 2014 PubMed

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Deegens JKJ, Dijkman HBPM, Borm GF, Steenbergen EJ, van den Berg JG, Weening JJ, et al.: Podocyte foot process effacement as a diagnostic tool in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Kidney Int 74: 1568–1576, 2008 PubMed

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Deegens JKJ, Dijkman HBPM, Borm GF, Steenbergen EJ, van den Berg JG, Weening JJ, : Podocyte foot process effacement as a diagnostic tool in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Kidney Int 74: 1568–1576, 2008 PubMed)| false
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Shalhoub RJ: Pathogenesis of lipoid nephrosis: A disorder of T-cell function. Lancet 2: 556–560, 1974 PubMed

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Ravani P, Bonanni A, Rossi R, Caridi G, Ghiggeri GM: Anti-CD20 antibodies for idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 11: 710–720, 2016 PubMed

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Ravani P, Bonanni A, Rossi R, Caridi G, Ghiggeri GM: Anti-CD20 antibodies for idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 11: 710–720, 2016 PubMed)| false
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Colucci M, Carsetti R, Cascioli S, Serafinelli J, Emma F, Vivarelli M, et al.: B cell phenotype in pediatric idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 34: 177–181, 2019 PubMed

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Clement LC, Avila-Casado C, Macé C, Soria E, Bakker WW, Kersten S, et al.: Podocyte-secreted angiopoietin-like-4 mediates proteinuria in glucocorticoid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. Nat Med 17: 117–122, 2011 PubMed

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Clement LC, Avila-Casado C, Macé C, Soria E, Bakker WW, Kersten S, : Podocyte-secreted angiopoietin-like-4 mediates proteinuria in glucocorticoid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. Nat Med 17: 117–122, 2011 PubMed)| false
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Clement LC, Macé C, Avila-Casado C, Joles JA, Kersten S, Chugh SS, et al.: Circulating angiopoietin-like 4 links proteinuria with hypertriglyceridemia in nephrotic syndrome. Nat Med 20: 37–46, 2014 PubMed

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Lai K-W, Wei C-L, Tan L-K, Tan P-H, Chiang GSC, Lee CGL, et al.: Overexpression of interleukin-13 induces minimal-change-like nephropathy in rats. J Am Soc Nephrol 18: 1476–1485, 2007 PubMed

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Lai K-W, Wei C-L, Tan L-K, Tan P-H, Chiang GSC, Lee CGL, : Overexpression of interleukin-13 induces minimal-change-like nephropathy in rats. J Am Soc Nephrol 18: 1476–1485, 2007 PubMed)| false
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Garin EH, Blanchard DK, Matsushima K, Djeu JY: IL-8 production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in nephrotic patients. Kidney Int 45: 1311–1317, 1994 PubMed

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Kim AH, Chung J-J, Akilesh S, Koziell A, Jain S, Hodgin JB, et al.: B cell–derived IL-4 acts on podocytes to induce proteinuria and foot process effacement. JCI Insight 2: e81836, 2017 PubMed

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Kim AH, Chung J-J, Akilesh S, Koziell A, Jain S, Hodgin JB, : B cell–derived IL-4 acts on podocytes to induce proteinuria and foot process effacement. JCI Insight 2: e81836, 2017 PubMed)| false
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Watts AJB, Keller KH, Lerner G, Rosales I, Collins AB, Sekulic M, et al.: Discovery of autoantibodies targeting nephrin in minimal change disease supports a novel autoimmune etiology. J Am Soc Nephrol 33: 238–252, 2022 PubMed

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Watts AJB, Keller KH, Lerner G, Rosales I, Collins AB, Sekulic M, : Discovery of autoantibodies targeting nephrin in minimal change disease supports a novel autoimmune etiology. J Am Soc Nephrol 33: 238–252, 2022 PubMed)| false
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Orikasa M, Matsui K, Oite T, Shimizu F: Massive proteinuria induced in rats by a single intravenous injection of a monoclonal antibody. J Immunol 141: 807–814, 1988 PubMed

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Takeuchi K, Naito S, Kawashima N, Ishigaki N, Sano T, Kamata K, et al.: New anti-nephrin antibody mediated podocyte injury model using C57Bl/6 mouse strain. Nephron 138: 71–87, 2018 PubMed

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Raglianti V, Angelotti ML, Cirillo L, Ravaglia F, Landini S, Palazzo V, et al.: Anti-slit diaphragm antibodies on kidney biopsy identify pediatric patients with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome responsive to second-line immunosuppressants. Kidney Int 106: 1124–1134, 2024 PubMed

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Raglianti V, Angelotti ML, Cirillo L, Ravaglia F, Landini S, Palazzo V, : Anti-slit diaphragm antibodies on kidney biopsy identify pediatric patients with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome responsive to second-line immunosuppressants. Kidney Int 106: 1124–1134, 2024 PubMed)| false
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Hengel FE, Dehde S, Lassé M, Zahner G, Seifert L, Schnarre A, et al.; International Society of Glomerular Disease: Autoantibodies targeting nephrin in podocytopathies. N Engl J Med 391: 422–433, 2024 PubMed

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Bianchi Y, Morello W, Pesce E, Berrettini A, Montini G, Collino F: Detection of antinephrin antibodies in childhood idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Kidney Int Rep 10: 605–609, 2024

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Fujita Y, Watts AJB, Ichikawa D, Shibagaki Y, Suzuki T, Keller KH, et al.: Clinical characteristics of nephrin autoantibody-positive minimal change disease in older adults. Kidney Int Rep 9: 2563–2566, 2024 PubMed

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Bobart SA, Han H, Tehranian S, De Vriese AS, Roman JCL, Sethi S, et al.: Noninvasive diagnosis of PLA2R-associated membranous nephropathy: A validation study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 16: 1833–1839, 2021 PubMed

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Aaltonen P, Rinta-Valkama J, Pätäri A, Tossavainen P, Palmén T, Kulmala P, et al.: Circulating antibodies to nephrin in patients with type 1 diabetes. Nephrol Dial Transplant 22: 146–153, 2007 PubMed

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Martin CE, et al.: Multivalent nephrin-Nck interactions define a threshold for clustering and tyrosine-dependent nephrin endocytosis. J Cell Sci 133: jcs236877, 2020 PubMed

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Verma R, Kovari I, Soofi A, Nihalani D, Patrie K, Holzman LB, et al.: Nephrin ectodomain engagement results in Src kinase activation, nephrin phosphorylation, Nck recruitment, and actin polymerization. J Clin Invest 116: 1346–1359, 2006 PubMed

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Maas RJ, Deegens JK, Smeets B, Moeller MJ, Wetzels JF: Minimal change disease and idiopathic FSGS: Manifestations of the same disease. Nat Rev Nephrol 12: 768–776, 2016 PubMed

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Bressendorff I, Nelveg-Kristensen KE, Ghasemi M, Watts AJB, Elversang J, Keller KH, et al.: Antinephrin-associated primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis successfully treated with plasmapheresis. Kidney Int Rep 9: 2829–2831, 2024 PubMed

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Delville M, Sigdel TK, Wei C, Li J, Hsieh S-C, Fornoni A, et al.: A circulating antibody panel for pretransplant prediction of FSGS recurrence after kidney transplantation. Sci Transl Med 6: 256ra136, 2014 PubMed

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Shirai Y, Miura K, Ishizuka K, Ando T, Kanda S, Hashimoto J, et al.: A multi-institutional study found a possible role of anti-nephrin antibodies in post-transplant focal segmental glomerulosclerosis recurrence. Kidney Int 105: 608–617, 2024 PubMed

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Batal I, Watts AJB, Gibier J-B, Hamroun A, Top I, Provot F, et al.: Pre-transplant anti-nephrin antibodies are specific predictors of recurrent diffuse podocytopathy in the kidney allograft. Kidney Int 106: 749–752, 2024 PubMed

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Jamin A, Berthelot L, Couderc A, Chemouny JM, Boedec E, Dehoux L, et al.: Autoantibodies against podocytic UCHL1 are associated with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome relapses and induce proteinuria in mice. J Autoimmun 89: 149–161, 2018 PubMed

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Chebotareva N, Cao V, Vinogradov A, Alentov I, Sergeeva N, Kononikhin A, et al.: Preliminary study of anti- CD40 and ubiquitin proteasome antibodies in primary podocytopaties. Front Med (Lausanne) 10: 1189017, 2023 PubMed

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Ye Q, Zhou C, Wang D, Fu H, Wang J, Mao J, et al.: Seven novel podocyte autoantibodies were identified to diagnosis a new disease subgroup-autoimmune Podocytopathies. Clin Immunol 232: 108869, 2021 PubMed

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Hada I, Shimizu A, Takematsu H, Nishibori Y, Kimura T, Fukutomi T, et al.: A novel mouse model of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome induced by immunization with the podocyte protein Crb2. J Am Soc Nephrol 33: 2008–2025, 2022 PubMed

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Yoshikawa N, Nakanishi K, Sako M, Oba MS, Mori R, Ota E, et al.; Japanese Study Group of Kidney Disease in Children: A multicenter randomized trial indicates initial prednisolone treatment for childhood nephrotic syndrome for two months is not inferior to six-month treatment. Kidney Int 87: 225–232, 2015 PubMed

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Sinha A, Saha A, Kumar M, Sharma S, Afzal K, Mehta A, et al.: Extending initial prednisolone treatment in a randomized control trial from 3 to 6 months did not significantly influence the course of illness in children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. Kidney Int 87: 217–224, 2015 PubMed

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Webb NJA, Woolley RL, Lambe T, Frew E, Brettell EA, Barsoum EN, et al.; PREDNOS Collaborative Group: Long term tapering versus standard prednisolone treatment for first episode of childhood nephrotic syndrome: Phase III randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation. BMJ 365: l1800, 2019 PubMed

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Li X, Li H, Chen J, He Q, Lv R, Lin W, et al.: Tacrolimus as a steroid-sparing agent for adults with steroid-dependent minimal change nephrotic syndrome. Nephrol Dial Transplant 23: 1919–1925, 2008 PubMed

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Ramachandran R, Kumar V, Rathi M, Nada R, Jha V, Gupta KL, et al.: Tacrolimus therapy in adult-onset steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome due to a focal segmental glomerulosclerosis single-center experience. Nephrol Dial Transplant 29: 1918–1924, 2014 PubMed

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Benz K, Dötsch J, Rascher W, Stachel D: Change of the course of steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome after rituximab therapy. Pediatr Nephrol 19: 794–797, 2004 PubMed

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Munyentwali H, Bouachi K, Audard V, Remy P, Lang P, Mojaat R, et al.: Rituximab is an efficient and safe treatment in adults with steroid-dependent minimal change disease. Kidney Int 83: 511–516, 2013 PubMed

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Iijima K, Sako M, Nozu K, Mori R, Tuchida N, Kamei K, et al.; Rituximab for Childhood-onset Refractory Nephrotic Syndrome (RCRNS) Study Group: Rituximab for childhood-onset, complicated, frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome or steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome: A multi-centre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 384: 1273–1281, 2014 PubMed

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Ravani P, Rossi R, Bonanni A, Quinn RR, Sica F, Bodria M, et al.: Rituximab in children with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome: A multicenter, open-label, noninferiority, randomized controlled trial. J Am Soc Nephrol 26: 2259–2266, 2015 PubMed

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Ruggenenti P, Ruggiero B, Cravedi P, Vivarelli M, Massella L, Marasà M, et al.; Rituximab in Nephrotic Syndrome of Steroid-Dependent or Frequently Relapsing Minimal Change Disease Or Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (NEMO) Study Group: Rituximab in steroid-dependent or frequently relapsing idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol 25: 850–863, 2014 PubMed

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Fenoglio R, Sciascia S, Beltrame G, Mesiano P, Ferro M, Quattrocchio G, et al.: Rituximab as a front-line therapy for adult-onset minimal change disease with nephrotic syndrome. Oncotarget 9: 28799–28804, 2018 PubMed

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Guan N, Zhang M, Zhang M, Chen R, Xie Q, Hao C-M, et al.: Rituximab as initial therapy in adult patients with minimal change disease. Kidney Int Rep 8: 1102–1104, 2023 PubMed

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Sun Y, Li Z, Sun J, Zhang S, Wang R, Chen B, et al.: The efficacy and safety of rituximab with or without glucocorticoid in inducing remission of MCD with different clinical presentations in adults: A retrospective study. Clin Kidney J 17: sfae139, 2024 PubMed

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